1948: Pierre Schaeffer releases “Étudie aux chemins de fer”, the first tape to feature modern looping.
1968: Wendy Carlos releases “Switched-on Bach”, largely recognised as the first electronic album.
1970: Kraftwerk forms in Düsseldorf, West Germany - an inspiration to most electronica artists.
1978: Brian Eno releases “Ambient 1: Music for Airports”, the first ambient record.
1988: Massive Attack forms in Bristol, considered the first trip-hop artist.
1990: The Prodigy form in Essex, and the KLF’s “Chill Out” album is released.
1991: Portishead forms in Bristol, and Massive Attack release their “Blue Lines” album. Aphex Twin’s “Selected Ambient Works” is also released.
1993: Björk “Debuts.”
1994: Portishead release “Dummy”, known as the trip-hop bible.
1995: Madonna and Massive Attack collaborate. Tricky’s solo debut “Maxinquaye” is released.
1996: “Trainspotting” is released, with an electronica soundtrack.
1997: The Prodigy release “The Fat of the Land”, and Maxim walks in Alexander McQueen’s “It’s a Jungle Out There” collection.
1998: Madonna releases “Ray of Light”, introducing electronica to mainstream pop. Massive Attack’s “Mezzanine” album is released, with the album cover shot by Nick Knight.
2000: Radiohead go full electronica with their “Kid A” album, marking the end of the ‘90s.
2003: Britney Spears releases “In the Zone”, containing electronica elements in its production.
2007: M.I.A. releases “KALA”, a global take on electronica.
